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Airbags; how do they work?

By Amrit Gotame
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Even if the driver secured properly, an accident would occur at high speeds if there was no airbag. It is a significant engineering challenge to bring the human body to a stop from a high speed in less than 100 milliseconds without causing significant bodily harm. Let's have a better grasp of this life-saving technology by looking at the mechanism of airbag inflation, which is triggered by chemical explosions. Seatbelts are meant to keep the human body from moving, but they can cause internal organ injury if they apply too much stress on the chest area during an accident. Modern seat belts use a torsion bar to slightly release the seat belt in the event of a large impact on the chest. This action causes the upper body to move forward somewhat, but as the torsion bar is released, the upper body's movement is stopped. Working Mechanism of Airbags, Image credit; whyflies.org Please notice that the sear belt only arrests the motion of your upper body, omitting your neck and head, w...
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Why do cats have vertical pupils?

By Amrit Gotame
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Peering into the eyes of different animals, you’ll see some extraordinarily shaped pupils. why?  Cat with vertical pupil, Image credits: catster.com It turns out that the shape of an animal's pupils is a good indicator of its ecological role. The hollow aperture in the iris, the eye's band of pigmented muscle, is marked by pupils. They're the openings via which light enters the eye, strikes the retina, and activates light-sensitive cells, triggering the visual process. Because most of the light that enters them is absorbed, pupils are black. Their size changes in reaction to light, medications, and emotional and mental states, although their basic shape differs widely between species. House cats, for example, have vertically enlarged pupils and are nocturnal predators. These formations expand dramatically in the dark, absorbing all available light. They shrink into slits when the light is bright. Cat pupils are so adaptable that their maximum area is 135 times larger than t...
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Caffeine keeps us awake; the real science behind it?

By Amrit Gotame
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Every year, around 100,000 metric tons of caffeine are consumed worldwide. This is the equal of 14 Eiffel Towers in weight. Caffeine is mostly found in coffee and tea, but it can also be found in sodas, chocolates, caffeine pills, and even decaf beverages. Even if we haven't gotten enough sleep, caffeine makes us feel alert, focused, cheerful, and active. But it can also make us feel worried and spike our blood pressure. It is the most extensively used drug in the planet. So how does it keep us awake? Caffeine evolved in plants and performs a variety of functions. It is harmful to insects in high concentrations, as it is found in the leaves and seeds of some species. However, at little doses, such as those present in nectar, it can actually help them remember and revisit flowers. Caffeine functions as a stimulant for the central nervous system in humans.  It keeps us awake by blocking one of the body's key sleep-inducing molecules, a substance called adenosine. Your body requir...
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